Often combined with modern birthstone lists, traditional birthstones are older society-based birthstones. Since many different cultures have their own list, jewellers’ lists are often inconsistent over what constitutes a traditional birthstone.
In 1912, in an effort to standardise birthstones, the (American) National Association of Jewelers officially adopted a list, shown in the “Modern” column in the table below. The most recent change to the list was in 2002, with the addition of tanzanite as a December birthstone.
Month | Traditional | Modern |
January | Garnet | Garnet |
February | Amethyst, Hyacinth, Pearl | Amethyst |
March | Bloodstone, Jasper | Aquamarine |
April | Diamond, Sapphire | Diamond |
May | Emerald, Agate | Emerald |
June | Agate, Turquoise, Cat’s Eye | Moonstone, Pearl |
July | Turquoise, Onyx | Ruby |
August | Sardonyx, Carnelian, Moonstone, Topaz | Peridot |
September | Chrysolite | Sapphire |
October | Opal, Aquamarine | Opal, Pink Tourmaline |
November | Topaz, Pearl | Topaz, Citrine |
December | Bloodstone, Ruby | Turquoise, Tanzanite, Blue Topaz |
Birthstones by signs of the zodiac:
Sign | Dates | Stone |
Aquarius | January 21 – February 19 | Garnet |
Pisces | February 20 – March 20 | Amethyst |
Aries | March 21 – April 20 | Bloodstone |
Taurus | April 21 – May 20 | Sapphire |
Gemini | May 21 – June 21 | Agate |
Cancer | June 22 – July 22 | Emerald |
Leo | July 23 – August 23 | Onyx |
Virgo | August 24 – September 23 | Carnelian |
Libra | September 24 – October 23 | Peridot |
Scorpio | October 24 – November 22 | Beryl |
Sagittarius | November 23 – December 21 | Topaz |
Capricorn | December 22 – January 20 | Ruby |